Fiber to the home (FTTH) is a transmission mode of optical fiber communication. As the name implies, the optical fiber is directly connected to the user terminal. FTTH is an access method in FTTx, so what is FTTx?
FTTX is a general term for various types of applications in broadband optical access networks. There are many variations of “X”. It can be fiber to building (FTTB), fiber to delivery box (FTTCab), fiber to roadside (FTTC), fiber to desktop (FTTD), fiber to home (FTTH), fiber to residence (FTTP), fiber to office (FTTO), fiber to customer (FTTu), etc.
FTTx technology ranges from local Terminal equipment to user terminal equipment, including Optical Line Terminal (OLT). Optical Network Unit (ONU), Optical Network Terminal (ONT).
As can be seen from the figure, FTTHS are all connected to terminals through optical networks, and the terminals connected to them are called optical network terminals (ONT). An FTTB or FTTC is connected to a Building or Curb via a fiber optic network and connected to a terminal via a copper twisted pair network or wireless connection. The terminal device of the fiber optic network is called an optical network unit (ONUs), and the ONUs is connected to the network terminal (NT) via a copper twisted pair network or wireless connection. FTTCab is similar to FTTC except that its ONUs are located in the Telecom handover Cabinet. The FTTB, FTTC and FTTCab in the figure are all “partial” fiber-to-home, that is to say, the fiber is not directly connected to the end user, but to the vicinity of the end user, and then connected to the end user through the twisted pair network. In the FTTCab, the ONUs in the telecommunication handover box are usually 1000 ~ 2000m away from the end user, in which case one ONU unit can support about 500 end users. In the FTTC, ONUs are closer to terminal users, ranging from 200 m to 1000m, and support 8 to 32 terminal users. The network between OLT and ONT/ONU, known as the Optical Distribution Network ODN, can be up to 20km apart, as shown in the figure.
Ftth-related terms
FTTH (Fiber to the Home) Fiber to the home
FTTB (Fiber to the Building) Fiber to the building
FTTO (Fiber to the Office) Fiber to the office
FTTC (Fiber to the Curb) Fiber to the curb
Optical Distribution Network (ODN) Optical distribution network